Atmospheric cylindrical tanks

What are Atmospheric Storage Tank? Atmospheric storage tanks are used to store crude oil, petroleum products and other fluids at atmospheric pressure.

These tanks are used as intermediaries in production and process units to store fluids in a short time and with a specific volume. Storage tanks without roof, fixed roof, floating roof, dome roof are types of cylindrical tanks.

Types of atmospheric tanks

Cylindrical atmospheric tanks are used to store liquids and chemicals, which are made in different types according to the type of application.

Open atmospheric tank or atmospheric tanks without a roof: these tanks have been welcomed due to their lower design and construction costs and are mostly used to store water in fire stations or water used for cooling industrial equipment.
Fixed roof atmospheric tanks: Fixed roof atmospheric tanks are a type of cylindrical tanks whose roofs are welded and they are called fixed roofs. The roof of this type of tank can be flat, domed or conical.
Domed atmospheric tanks: Domed roof cylindrical tanks are a type of tanks with a fixed roof. Tanks with a domed roof can store materials with a vapor pressure greater than atmospheric but less than that of a spherical or ball-shaped tank.
Floating Roof Atmospheric Tanks: They are an example of cylindrical tanks that are designed, manufactured and installed by Petro structure Co. These types of tanks are divided into two types of internal and external floating roofs. In this type of tanks, the roof is installed in such a way that it remains on the surface of the floating material and goes up and down when the liquid level changes.

Cylindrical tank design

Dimensions and shape:

The dimensions and shape of the cylindrical tank are different depending on the type of use and desired needs. Here are some of the common dimensions and shapes of the cylindrical tank:

Diameter and height: The two main dimensions in cylindrical pressure vessels are diameter and height. The diameter of the tank is the distance between the two bottoms of the tank at the horizontal point that has the largest width of the tank, and the height is the distance between the two bottoms of the tank at the vertical point that has the longest length of the tank.
Shape of the bottom: The shape of the bottom of the tank can also be different depending on the practical needs of the tank. Some of the shapes of tank bottoms include flat bottoms, bowl bottoms, and arched bottoms.
Head shape: The shape of the head or the upper part of the tank also depends on the shape and dimensions of the tank. The shapes of the tank head, like the bottom of the tank, include flat head, bowl head and bow head.
Wall thickness: The thickness of the tank wall is also determined depending on the internal pressure of the tank and the material of its structure. In some cases, tanks are made with a higher wall thickness to reduce the possibility of failure and leakage in adverse conditions.

Welding and connections:

Welding and connections are very important in a cylindrical tank and play an important role in the safety and performance of the tank. In the following, we will mention some points and issues related to welding and connections in a cylindrical tank:

Type of welding: The type of welding should be determined according to the type of structural material of the tank and its type of use. For example, if carbon steel is used for the construction of the tank, welding with a rutile electrode or MIG/MAG welding is suitable.
Non-destructive tests: After welding, non-destructive tests should be done to check the quality of the welds and remove any possible defects. These tests include radiographic test, ultrasonic test and magnetic test.
Soldering: In some cases, instead of welding, soldering is used to connect tank parts. Due to having less effect on the mechanical properties of the structural materials of the tank, brazing works better than welding in having a higher structural strength.

Anti-rust coating:

Anti-rust coating is very important in a cylindrical tank, because this coating protects the tank from corrosion and rust and increases the useful life of the tank. In the following, we will mention some methods of stainless coating in a cylindrical tank:

Painting: Using suitable anti-rust colors on the internal and external surfaces of tanks as anti-rust coating is one of the common methods. These colors must have resistance to pressure, heat and chemicals.
Electrochemical pollution methods: In this method, using electric current and suitable chemical solutions, rustproof layers are formed on the surface of the tank. This method is used as a basic anti-rust coating method.
Use of metal coatings: The use of metal coatings such as stainless steel on the internal and external surfaces of tanks is used as a coating resistant to rust and corrosion.

Applications of atmospheric cylindrical tank

Oil and gas industries

Cylindrical tanks are used in the storage and transportation of various oil and gas materials.

Petrochemical and chemical industries

They are used in the production and storage of raw materials and chemical products.

Food industry

They are used in food storage as well as in the production and packaging processes of food products.

Types of atmospheric cylindrical tanks

Atmospheric cylindrical tanks are used to store liquids and chemicals, which are made in different types according to the type of application.

Open atmospheric tank or atmospheric cylindrical tank without a roof: these tanks have been welcomed due to their lower design and construction costs and are mostly used to store water in fire stations or water used for cooling industrial equipment. .
Fixed roof atmospheric cylindrical tank: Fixed roof atmospheric tanks are a type of cylindrical tanks whose roof is welded and so called fixed roof. The roof of this type of tank can be flat, domed or conical.
Domed Atmospheric Cylindrical Tank: Domed roof cylindrical tanks are a type of tanks with a fixed roof. Tanks with a domed roof can store materials with a vapor pressure greater than atmospheric but less than that of a spherical or ball-shaped tank.
Floating Roof Atmospheric Tank: These are examples of cylindrical tanks that are designed, manufactured and installed by Aram International Petrosazeh Group. These types of tanks are divided into two types of internal and external floating roofs. In this type of tanks, the roof is installed in such a way that it remains on the surface of the floating material and goes up and down when the liquid level changes.

Advantages and disadvantages of Atmospheric cylinder tank

Advantages

Due to the reasonable price of atmospheric storage tanks compared to pressure tanks and their efficiency to store fluids for a short or long time, they are an integral part of refineries or factories producing chemical products.

Disadvantages

Two very important points during the operation of this type of tanks are to prevent the excessive increase of pressure inside the atmospheric tanks and also to prevent the excessive decrease of the pressure inside the tanks and to pay attention to the safety requirements.

Design and construction of atmospheric cylindrical tanks

The design and construction of atmospheric storage tanks is used to store gaseous materials and liquids that are under normal atmospheric pressure. These types of tanks are usually used to store gases such as natural gas, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, as well as liquids such as oil and gas.

Atmospheric storage tanks should be inspected and maintained periodically to ensure they are healthy and functioning properly. This includes periodic inspections and repairs, inspection of anti-rust and anti-corrosion layers, inspection of safety systems and monitoring.

Atmospheric storage tanks are used as a sustainable and economical solution for storing gaseous and liquid materials under normal atmospheric pressure. Also, according to the security and environmental needs, the relevant standards and regulations should be adhered to in the design and construction of atmospheric storage tanks and their safety and stability should be ensured.

Why entrust the construction of a cylindrical tank to petrosazeh?

Considering the wide application of this equipment in various industries and not only limited to oil and gas industries; The implementation of similar projects in compliance with domestic and international oil and gas standards has a significant impact on the quality and final output of the work.

Petrosazeh Beinolmelal Aram Co, by complying with all the standards set by the client, commitment to timely implementation of the project, fully complying with the safety principles and relying on the technical knowledge and expertise of its skilled workforce, has so far completed many projects in line with the construction of fixed roof cylindrical tanks and It has implemented a floating roof and has succeeded in obtaining a certificate of good performance from its employers.

Construction of two floating roof cylindrical tanks with a capacity of 500,000 barrels for South Pars, two fixed roof cylindrical tanks for Pasargad Oil Company, nine fixed and floating roof cylindrical tanks for Poldokhter Refinery Unit Tank Farm, three roof cylindrical tanks Fixed and floating Bistoun Petrochemical etc. are among the working experiences of this company to manufacture this product.

Construction of atmospheric tanks

Petro structure company is the operator of all types of fixed oil and gas equipment, pressurized and atmospheric storage tanks. This complex operates the best atmospheric storage tanks in the region by using the expert force and modern knowledge of the world. Call for expert advice on the design, construction and installation of an atmospheric storage tank.