If we want to explain about the application of the spherical tank in the petrochemical industry and its importance. Spherical tanks are one of the important equipments in petrochemical, oil and gas, and chemical industries. These tanks are usually used as pressure tanks to store and maintain liquids and gases, crude oil, oil derivatives and chemical products.
Spherical tanks are one of the most widely used types of tanks for fluid storage, these tanks are made in a spherical shape, geometrically spherical tanks have an integrated structure, that is why the distribution of pressure and stress in these tanks is uniform. It is transferred in all directions, while in other tanks, usually some points are more vulnerable and have less pressure tolerance, spherical tanks are used to store natural gas or petroleum gas.
Application of spherical tank in petrochemical industry
Storage of petroleum products:
Crude Oil: Spherical reservoirs are used to store and maintain crude oil.
Petroleum Delivers: These tanks are used to maintain refinery products such as gasoline, diesel, naphtha, and other oil derivatives.
Petrochemical industry:
Chemicals: In the petrochemical industry, spherical tanks are used to store and maintain raw materials and chemicals such as polymers, sulfur, ethylene, propylene, and so on.
Gas and Gas Petrochemical Industry:
Natural Gas: Spherical tanks are used to store and distribute natural gas.
Industrial gases: Storing industrial gases such as hydrogen, methane, and other gases is also important.
Storage of chemical products:
Chemicals: Spherical tanks are used to store and store chemicals used in the production processes of chemical products.
Conversion and refining industries:
Storage of waste products: In some industries, spherical tanks are used to store and process waste products and water generated from production processes.
Advantages and disadvantages of using spherical tanks in the petrochemical industry
Advantages of using a spherical tank:
Spherical tanks can maintain the pressure well, which is very important in the storage of petroleum products and compressed gases, spherical tanks benefit from vertical space and help in optimal use of space compared to horizontal tanks.
The spherical structure, as a stable geometric shape, provides good resistance to internal and external pressures, for the transfer of gases, spherical tanks are the best choice due to natural and optimal gas transfer, also, spherical tanks can be dynamically and act effectively against changes in volume and pressure, spherical tanks benefit from the possibility of using the optimal volume to store liquids and gases.
Disadvantages of using a spherical tank in petrochemicals:
The construction and maintenance of spherical tanks is usually expensive and requires a lot of financial resources and manpower. In horizontal space, spherical tanks may be less efficient than horizontal tanks, the plasticity of spherical tanks is very limited and it is not possible to easily apply specific shapes and dimensions to them. Protecting spherical tanks against corrosion and erosion requires special solutions. Yes, some environments and special conditions may not be suitable for using spherical tanks.
Types of spherical tanks:
Spherical tanks can be designed and manufactured in different sizes and capacities. Some types of spherical tanks are:
Spherical metal tanks:
Spherical metal tanks use metals such as stainless steel.
Spherical concrete tanks:
Spherical concrete tanks are made of reinforced concrete or lead concrete.
Plastic spherical tanks:
These tanks are made of plastic materials and are suitable for certain liquids that react with metals or concrete.
The process of filling spherical tanks in petrochemical industries
Filling spherical tanks in the petrochemical industry is a sensitive and complex process that requires safety and the use of appropriate equipment. In this process, tanks are filled with various materials including oil, gas, compressed gases, or chemical products.
The way to fill the tanks is usually done by means of transmission lines (piping) that are connected to the spherical tanks from the production unit or raw material warehouses.
In the following, some general steps for filling spherical tanks can be listed:
Tank preparation:
Before starting the filling process, the tank should be inspected to ensure that there are no damages, cracks, or defects in its structure.
Connecting piping lines:
The transmission lines from the production unit or warehouse are connected to the spherical tank. These lines may include control and information systems that control the filling process.
Current intensity setting:
The flow of material to the tank must be carefully regulated to avoid unwanted pressures or undesirable displacements within the tank.
Tank volume prediction:
The volume of the tank and its capacity to be filled must be carefully calculated to avoid overfilling or underfilling.
Pressure control:
The pressure inside the tank must be carefully controlled to avoid potential hazards such as explosion or structural failure.
Dangers of filling the tank:
Filling tanks in the petrochemical industry is associated with risks that require safety and the use of modern safety technologies. Some possible risks include:
Explosion:
If the pressure inside the tank increases suddenly, it may lead to an explosion.
Heat and expansion of liquids:
The expansion of liquids at high temperatures can lead to an increase in internal pressure, which, if not controlled, poses a risk of explosion.
Structural instability:
If the structure of the tank is unstable, the increase in pressure or volume of liquids can lead to structural failure and the possibility of explosion.
fire:
In cases where flammable materials are present in the tank, there are also fire risks.
Petrosazeh Company, a manufacturer of spherical pressure tanks, cylindrical tanks and all types of pressure tanks and fixed equipment for oil and gas, with several decades of activity in this field, has always been trying to provide the best and highest level of quality and security in all the years of its activity. to place its products and because of this, it has been proud of the companies and big brands and the petrochemical industry.